Pharmacy is the science and technique of preparing and dispensing drugs. It is a health profession that links health sciences with chemical sciences and aims to ensure the safe and effective use of pharmaceutical drugs.
Living organisms including humans are social when they live collectively in interacting populations, whether they are aware of it, and whether the interaction is voluntary or involuntary.
Human activities have strongly modified the biogeochemical cycles of metallic trace elements (MTEs) increasing their fluxes towards and between surface environments. New isotope data has fostered better models of MTE sources, transfer and reactivities in dynamic and multi-sources systems, as required for targeting emission controlled strategies to combat origins and consequences of metal contamination.