Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Architecture, Planning and Landscape

Language: English Studies in English
Subject area: engineering and engineering trades
University website: www.ncl.ac.uk
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Architecture
Architecture is both the process and the product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings or any other structures. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art. Historical civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements.
Landscape
A landscape is the visible features of an area of land, its landforms and how they integrate with natural or man-made features.
Planning
Planning is the process of thinking about the activities required to achieve a desired goal. It involves the creation and maintenance of a plan, such as psychological aspects that require conceptual skills. There are even a couple of tests to measure someone’s capability of planning well. As such, planning is a fundamental property of intelligent behavior. An important further meaning, often just called "planning" is the legal context of permitted building developments.
Architecture
The hasty multitude
Admiring enter'd, and the work some praise,
And some the architect: his hand was known
In heaven by many a tower'd structure high,
Where scepter'd angels held their residence,
And sat as princes.
John Milton, Paradise Lost (1667; 1674), Book I, line 730.
Architecture
It was stated, * * * that the value of architecture depended on two distinct characters:—the one, the impression it receives from human power; the other, the image it bears of the natural creation.
John Ruskin, Seven Lamps of Architecture, The Lamp of Beauty.
Architecture
The civil engineer is the real 19th century architect.
William Burges in: The Ecclesiologist, Vol. 28, 1867, p. 156:
Current global observational and modelling capabilities allow scientists to produce estimates of the carbon budget, but many uncertainties remain. An EU-funded initiative was therefore established to provide more and better data on carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) through a global carbon observation and analysis system.
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